What role do lymph nodes play in the immune system?

Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the immune system primarily by filtering pathogens and producing white blood cells. These small, bean-shaped structures are strategically located throughout the body along the lymphatic system. They act as filters for lymph fluid, trapping bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances that can cause illness.

When pathogens are filtered through the lymph nodes, immune cells called lymphocytes (which include B cells and T cells) are activated. B cells can produce antibodies that target and neutralize these pathogens, while T cells can directly attack infected cells or help coordinate the overall immune response. Through this process, lymph nodes are fundamental in helping to mount a defense against infections and maintaining the body’s overall immune health.

This understanding highlights the importance of lymph nodes in the immune response, setting them apart from functions like storing red blood cells, regulating blood pressure, or secreting hormones, which are not directly related to immune function.