Which gland is referred to as the "master gland" in the body?

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because of its critical role in regulating various hormonal functions throughout the body. It is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for producing and releasing a variety of hormones that control other glands within the endocrine system, including the thyroid, adrenals, and reproductive glands. The hormones released by the pituitary gland, such as growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), have wide-ranging effects on growth, metabolism, and overall hormonal balance. This central regulatory function makes the pituitary gland vital for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating complex physiological processes.